Light rays reflected from objects pass through the cornea, wet chambers, lens and vitreous humor. All these elements make up the optical system of the eye, which forms

The visual analyzer plays an essential role in the perception of the surrounding world. More than 90% of information we receive with the help of sight. The visual

A person receives information about the environment using sensor systems, or analyzers. Sensory system (analyzer) – a set of structures of the nervous system that receive, process information

Sleep and wakefulness are a manifestation of circadian rhythms. Active life and interaction with the outside world occurs during wakefulness, and sleep ensures the restoration of working capacity,

Intelligence The term “intelligence” is often used to assess a person’s mental abilities. Intelligence is a set of mental abilities of a person, aimed at cognition, comprehension and

Speech IP Pavlov developed the theory of the first and second signal systems. The signaling system is a system of nervous processes occurring in the brain of animals

Congenital behavior In animals and humans, innate programs of behavior are genetically laid down. These programs have developed on the basis of historical experience. They contribute to the

Formation of conditioned reflexes For the formation of a conditioned reflex, it is necessary that the conditioned stimulus first act, and then the unconditioned one. After several repetitions

The basic principle of the nervous system is reflex. A reflex is the body’s response to irritation, which occurs with the participation of the nervous system. A nerve

The forebrain is divided into two hemispheres (right and left), which are connected by the corpus callosum. The lower surface of the hemispheres is called the base of