According to the weather observations in Moscow on April 16, 2013, analyze the change in air temperature during the day

At night, the air temperature decreased from +14 ° C (at 20 h), reaching its minimum value of +5 ° C (at 5 h). During this time, the underlying surface was not illuminated by the Sun, therefore it was cooled, the surface layer of air was also cooled
Sunrise occurred at 5 h 39 min
For 4 hours after sunrise, the Sun slightly warmed the underlying surface, since the angle of incidence of sunlight was small at that time
With the rise of the sun above the horizon, the angle of incidence of the sun’s rays increased, the underlying surface heats up more and more, losing its heat to the lower layer of air. The rise in air temperature was noted between 9 and 14 hours, i.e. 3 hours after sunrise
The highest altitude of the Sun was observed at true noon (12 h 40 min)
In the afternoon, the underlying surface continued, therefore, the air temperature continued to warm, so the air temperature continued to rise from +13 ° С (at 12 h) to +16 ° С (at 14 h)
The sun was going down, the underlying surface was getting less heat, and its temperature began to drop. Now the air was already giving off its heat to the underlying surface. From 20 h, the temperature began to drop from a maximum of +16 ° C (at 19 h) until midnight. At night the next day, the air temperature continued to drop
Thus, the daily variation in air temperature in Moscow on April 16, 2013 was characterized by a nightly decrease to a minimum value of +3 ° C (at 7 h) and a daily increase to a maximum value of + 16 ° C (at 14 h). The daily temperature amplitude was +16 ° С – +3 ° С = 13 ° С