All of Jupiter’s moons can be considered to be at the same distance from the Sun. Do they have the same surface temperatures?

We assume that the satellites have no internal energy sources, no atmospheres, and the radiation of Jupiter can be neglected. Obviously, in this case the albedo A will be the main factor determining the surface temperature. The temperature estimate follows from the relation T ^ 4 = (1 -A) E, where T is the surface temperature; o – Stefan – Boltzmann constant; E – illumination at the distance of Jupiter. Based on the above, the temperature of Amalthea and Io should be higher than that of Ganymede and Europa. Io also has a noticeably higher temperature due to strong tidal deformations.