The circulation of chemical elements (substances) in the biosphere is called biogeochemical cycles. The exchange of chemical elements between living organisms and the inorganic environment is called the
Solar energy on Earth causes two cycles of matter: large, or geological, which is most clearly manifested in the water cycle and atmospheric circulation, and small, biological, which
Living matter plays a huge role in the development of our planet. This conclusion was reached by the Russian scientist V.I. Vernadsky, having studied the composition and evolution
The vital activity of organisms has a significant impact on the environment and changes its composition and properties. The content of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air,
The boundaries of the biosphere are determined by the presence of living organisms or “traces” of their vital activity. The biosphere includes the upper part of the lithosphere,
All ecosystems existing on Earth are interconnected into a single living shell, which is also an ecosystem. The biosphere (sphere of life) is the shell of the Earth
Succession is a natural, directed process, and changes that occur at one stage or another are characteristic of any community and do not depend on its species composition
During the course of the succession, the face of the community is constantly changing. The functioning of the ecosystem is also changing. Changes in energy indicators in the
Successions can be of various sizes. They can go slowly, for thousands of years, and maybe quickly – in several days. The duration of the succession depends on
