How can the results of studying the scattering of alpha particles in thin layers of matter be explained on the basis

How can the results of studying the scattering of alpha particles in thin layers of matter be explained on the basis of the nuclear model of the atomic structure?

Since most of the space between the atomic nucleus and the electrons revolving around it is empty, fast charged particles can freely penetrate through layers of matter containing several thousand layers of atoms. When it collides with an electron, the alpha particle is practically not scattered, since its mass is about 8000 times the mass of the electron. However, in the event that an alpha particle flies near one of the atomic nuclei, under the action of the field of the atomic nucleus, it can be scattered at any angle up to 180 °. But due to the small size of the nucleus compared to the size of the atom, this is very rarely observed.