How could England before the revolution manage without a standing army and navy?

England is cut off from Europe by the strait, so even a small fleet can prevent an enemy from landing, and a permanent large army is not needed. In addition, after 1588 England had no enemies in Europe with powerful land armies – so there was no need for a permanent combat fleet. Finally, before the revolution, England did not have large overseas colonies.

Remember: The process of learning a person lasts a lifetime. The value of the same knowledge for different people may be different, it is determined by their individual characteristics and needs. Therefore, knowledge is always needed at any age and position.