List famous contemporaries of Charlemagne.

In Bulgaria – Khan Krum (Karl’s ally against the Avars), in Byzantium – Emperor Nikifor I (killed by Krum), in the Caliphate – Caliph Harun ar-Rashid and his son Mamun. Charlemagne’s son – Ludwig I the Pious; his associate is Count Roland; father of Charlemagne – Pepin the Short; Pope Adrian I and Leo III.

Remember: The process of learning a person lasts a lifetime. The value of the same knowledge for different people may be different, it is determined by their individual characteristics and needs. Therefore, knowledge is always needed at any age and position.