List the factors that negatively affect the development of the human embryo.

Hereditary factors – many pathologies of fetal development are explained by a special combination of chromosomes, for example, Down’s syndrome; lack of nutrients in the mother’s diet leads to a slowdown in the growth and development of the embryo; infectious diseases of the mother, for example rubella, leads to a violation of the mental development of the child; medicines, alcohol, drugs, household chemicals can cause various mutations; environmental pollution (chemical, radiation, biological) can also act as mutagens and cause disturbances in the development of various organ systems; psychological stress of the mother; heavy metal salts cause intoxication of the mother and fetus; alcohol causes malformations, and smoking of a pregnant woman leads to preterm birth, less weight of the newborn and various disorders.