List the properties of mutations.
Mutations are inherited, which determines their role in evolution: only hereditary changes can become the property of future generations, subject to successful reproduction and survival of individuals with these mutations.
Mutations are caused by various external and internal factors. Ultraviolet rays, temperature fluctuations, changes in chemical reactions in the cell due to aging, the effects of various chemicals can lead to changes in the structure of DNA and entire chromosomes.
Mutations occur suddenly, spasmodically, in individual individuals of the species and in most cases are harmful to the body, as they shake the historically established genotype. The same mutations can occur repeatedly.
Mutations are non-directional: any gene can mutate, causing changes in both minor and vital signs. At the same time, the same factor, for example, X-ray radiation, acting on cells, can cause a variety of mutations that are difficult to foresee
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