Tell us about the electrochemical voltage range of metals. What factors are taken into account when forming this series?
Tell us about the electrochemical voltage range of metals. What factors are taken into account when forming this series? Why is lithium at the beginning of this series, and not, for example, potassium?
If we arrange the metals in decreasing order of their reducibility, characterized by their electrode potentials E (the higher the electrode potential, the lower the reducibility), we get an electrochemical series of metal voltages.
To form this series, the following factors are taken into account:
– energy of ionization;
-energy that is spent on the destruction of the crystal lattice;
-energy that is released during the transition of metal ions into the solution (hydration energy).
Taking these factors into account, it is clear that the position of the metal in the periodic table and in the activity row may not coincide, since only the ionization energy is determined by the position of the metal in the table. 1 yak comes out with lithium; according to the position in the table, potassium should be more active than lithium, but lithium stands in front of potassium, so, for lithium, taking into account all factors, a lower value of the standard electrode potential is obtained, and therefore a higher reductive ability.
