What device is called: a) a polarizer; b) an analyzer?

A device that separates a linearly polarized wave from a natural wave is called a polarizer.
A device that allows you to determine the plane of polarization of a wave is called an analyzer.

Remember: The process of learning a person lasts a lifetime. The value of the same knowledge for different people may be different, it is determined by their individual characteristics and needs. Therefore, knowledge is always needed at any age and position.