Who among the clergy and laity of the West supported the reform of Gregory VII, who was against it and why?
| October 31, 2020 | Education
The reform of Pope Gregory VII was supported by the new monasteries of the strict Cluny charter, as well as the trading cities of the Mediterranean – they counted on the benefits of the Crusades. The emperors of Germany and cities in the depths of Europe opposed the reform – they did not want to be ruled by the Italian clergy.
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